Category: Civil Wars

Under a canopy of draped fabric, a group of uniformed men sit low along the walls of a richly patterned room, their postures relaxed but watchful. Small tables crowd the carpeted floor, some set with metal trays and teaware, turning the scene into something between a field headquarters and a receiving salon. Decorative arches line…

Along a busy Barcelona corner, a long awning announces a “col·lectivitzada” food business, with “U.G.T. industria gastronomica” painted in bold letters that turn the storefront into a public statement. People drift past while others linger at small tables under the canopy, suggesting a place that served as much for daily sustenance as for conversation. Above,…

A line of young demonstrators strides across a cobblestone street in Karlovy Vary, Czechoslovakia, their mouths open mid-chant as they press forward shoulder to shoulder. The focal point is a wide red banner carried at chest height, its hand-painted lettering reading “SSSR NIKDY VICE!”—a blunt slogan that translates to “USSR never again!” In the background,…

Boots strike the cobblestones in a steady rhythm as Soviet troops advance in tight formation through Prague, their berets and striped undershirts lending a distinct silhouette to the column. Rifles are carried at the ready, medals and pins catching the light on uniform chests, while the long line of soldiers recedes deep into the street.…

At Choeung Ek, the so-called Killing Fields, a dense row of human skulls rests in close quarters, their worn surfaces catching the light while the shadows behind them deepen the sense of silence. The arrangement is stark and deliberate, turning bone into testimony—empty eye sockets and broken teeth reading like an archive of violence. Even…

On a tense stretch of roadway in Phnom Penh in 1975, a small gesture crosses a hard line: an employee at the French Embassy extends a cigarette toward a Khmer Rouge soldier. The soldier stands with his rifle at the ready, a scarf looped at his neck and a cap pulled low, while barbed wire…

A man lies slumped against a wall, his shirt darkened with blood and his face turned downward as if the strength to look up has been taken away. The floor around him is slick and stained, and the harsh, close framing leaves little room to breathe—only the body, the concrete, and the evidence of violence.…

Barefoot boys crowd the foreground, their faces caught between curiosity and a practiced, guarded stare as they hoist oversized firearms for the camera. Two children hold rifles with prominent magazines and slings, gripping them with the awkward solidity of tools that were never meant to fit small hands. Behind them, other youths and a few…

Along the Seine, the familiar order of Parisian street life gives way to an improvised battlefield: heaps of ripped-up cobblestones are stacked into barricades on the Quai Pelletier and near the Pont d’Arcole. A small kiosk stands amid the disruption, its ornamental dome and paneled sides contrasting sharply with the raw, broken stones piled chest-high.…

Mourners gather on a terraced West Belfast street as two coffins, each shrouded and carried shoulder-high, move through a corridor of onlookers. The crowd presses in along the pavement beside parked cars and brick-fronted houses, faces turned toward the procession with a mix of vigilance and grief. A hearse waits at the curb, its polished…